
Dry Eye Management With Stimulating Natural Approaches (Online CME Monograph)
Activity Description and Purpose
Recent advances in dry eye disease (DED) management have introduced therapeutic strategies that stimulate natural tear production by activating neural pathways within the lacrimal functional unit (LFU). This educational activity provides ophthalmologists with a clinically relevant update on DED pathophysiology, with a focus on LFU’s central role in tear film homeostasis and disease progression. Through faculty-led discussions and real-world case examples, the activity explores diagnostic strategies, such as tear osmolarity testing and meibography, and highlights novel neurostimulation treatments, including varenicline nasal spray and mechanical external stimulators. Participants will enhance their ability to (1) describe the role of the LFU in the pathogenesis of DED and (2) design treatment plans incorporating neurostimulation to optimize patient outcomes.
Target Audience
This educational activity is intended for ophthalmologists.
Learning Objectives
After completing this activity, participants will be better able to:
- Describe the role of the lacrimal functional unit in the pathogenesis of dry eye disease
- Design treatment plans for patients with dry eye disease using neurostimulation
Faculty
![]() | Stephen C. Pflugfelder, MD (Chair) Professor of Ophthalmology James and Margaret Elkins Chair Baylor College of Medicine Houston, Texas |
Nathan Lighthizer, OD Associate Dean and Associate Professor Chief, Specialty Care Clinics Northeastern State University College of Optometry Tahlequah, Oklahoma | |
![]() | Selina McGee, OD, FAAO Visionary Founder and CEO BeSpoke Vision Edmond, Oklahoma |
Disclosure Policy
MedEdicus adheres to the ACCME’s Standards for Integrity and Independence in Accredited Continuing Education. Any individuals in a position to control the content of a CME activity, including faculty, planners, reviewers, or others, are required to disclose all financial relationships with ineligible entities (commercial interests). All relevant conflicts of interest have been identified and mitigated by MedEdicus prior to the commencement of the activity.
Faculty
Nathan Lighthizer, OD, is a consultant for Diopsys, Inc, OCuSOFT Inc, Orasis Pharmaceuticals, Reichert, Inc, and Virtual Vision Health; is an advisory board member of Aerie Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Amgen Inc, Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Bruder Healthcare, EyePromise, Ivantis Inc, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Orasis Pharmaceuticals, Oyster Point Pharma, Inc, Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc, and Théa Pharma Inc; and is on the speakers bureau for AbbVie Inc, Avellino, Diopsys, Inc, Dompé US, Inc, Ellex, iCare USA Inc, Innova Systems, Lumenis, NIDEK USA, Inc, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Optovue, Inc, Reichert, Inc, RVL Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Sight Sciences, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, and Virtual Vision Health.
Selina McGee, OD, is a consultant for AbbVie Inc, Aldeyra Therapeutics, Amgen Inc, Avellino, Bruder Healthcare, Cynosure, Dompé US, Inc, Eyevance, Harrow, Inc, Kala Pharmaceuticals, Lumenis, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Ocuphire Pharma, Optovue, Inc, Oyster Point Pharma, Inc, RVL Pharmaceuticals, Inc, ScienceBased Health, Sun Pharmaceutical Industries, Inc, Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Théa Pharma Inc, Topcon Medical Systems, Inc, Trukera, Versant Ventures, and Zeiss; and is on the speakers bureau for AbbVie Inc, Bausch & Lomb Incorporated, Cynosure, Dompé US, Inc, Lumenis, Optovue, Inc, Oyster Point Pharma, Inc, and Tarsus Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
Stephen C. Pflugfelder, MD, is a consultant for Alcon, Dompé US, Inc, Hanall Biopharma*, Kala Pharmaceuticals, KOWA Pharmaceuticals America, Inc, and Nicox*; and is a contracted researcher for Dompé US, Inc.
* The financial relationship existed during the past 24 months but has now ended
Peer Reviewer
This activity was peer reviewed. The peer reviewer has no relevant commercial relationships to disclose.
Planners, Managers, and Writers
MedEdicus planners, managers, and writers have no relevant commercial relationships to disclose.
Accreditation Statement
MedEdicus LLC is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
Credit Designation Statement
MedEdicus LLC designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Disclosure of Commercial Support
This continuing medical education activity is supported through an educational grant from Viatris Inc.
Off-Label Discussion
This educational activity may include discussion of unlabeled and/or investigational uses of drugs and devices. Please refer to the official prescribing information for each drug or device discussed in this activity for approved dosing, indications, and warnings.
Provider Contact Information
For questions about this educational activity, please contact MedEdicus LLC at [email protected].
Disclaimer
The views and opinions expressed in this educational activity are those of the faculty and do not necessarily represent the views of MedEdicus LLC, Viatris Inc, or Review of Ophthalmology.
This CME activity is copyrighted to MedEdicus LLC ©2025. All rights reserved. MedEdicus does not claim copyright to material included herein owned by third parties for which attribution or citation has been made. 336
Available Credit
- 1.00 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
- 1.00 Participation